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off-diagonal entries

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  • Diagonal — For the avenue in Barcelona, see Avinguda Diagonal. The diagonals of a cube with side length 1. AC (shown in blue) is a space diagonal with length , while AC (shown in red) is a face diagonal and has length …   Wikipedia

  • List of matrices — This page lists some important classes of matrices used in mathematics, science and engineering: Matrices in mathematics*(0,1) matrix a matrix with all elements either 0 or 1. Also called a binary matrix . *Adjugate matrix * Alternant matrix a… …   Wikipedia

  • Triangular matrix — In the mathematical discipline of linear algebra, a triangular matrix is a special kind of square matrix where the entries either below or above the main diagonal are zero. Because matrix equations with triangular matrices are easier to solve… …   Wikipedia

  • Gershgorin circle theorem — In mathematics, the Gershgorin circle theorem may be used to bound the spectrum of a square matrix. It was first published by the Belarusian mathematician Semyon Aranovich Gershgorin in 1931. The spelling of S. A. Gershgorin s name has been… …   Wikipedia

  • Rotation matrix — In linear algebra, a rotation matrix is a matrix that is used to perform a rotation in Euclidean space. For example the matrix rotates points in the xy Cartesian plane counterclockwise through an angle θ about the origin of the Cartesian… …   Wikipedia

  • Orthogonal matrix — In linear algebra, an orthogonal matrix (less commonly called orthonormal matrix[1]), is a square matrix with real entries whose columns and rows are orthogonal unit vectors (i.e., orthonormal vectors). Equivalently, a matrix Q is orthogonal if… …   Wikipedia

  • Symmetric matrix — In linear algebra, a symmetric matrix is a square matrix, A , that is equal to its transpose:A = A^{T}. ,!The entries of a symmetric matrix are symmetric with respect to the main diagonal (top left to bottom right). So if the entries are written… …   Wikipedia

  • Congruence subgroup — In mathematics, a congruence subgroup of a matrix group with integer entries is a subgroup defined by congruence conditions on the entries. A very simple example would be invertible 2x2 integer matrices of determinant 1, such that the off… …   Wikipedia

  • Models of DNA evolution — A number of different Markov models of DNA sequence evolution have been proposed. These substitution models differ in terms of the parameters used to describe the rates at which one nucleotide replaces another during evolution. These models are… …   Wikipedia

  • M-matrix — In mathematics, especially linear algebra, an M matrix is a Z matrix with eigenvalues whose real parts are positive. M matrices are a subset of the class of P matrices, and also of the class of inverse positive matrices [Takao Fujimoto and… …   Wikipedia

  • Jacobi rotation — In numerical linear algebra, a Jacobi rotation is a rotation, Q k ℓ, of a 2 dimensional linear subspace of an n dimensional inner product space, chosen to zero a symmetric pair of off diagonal entries of an n × n real symmetric matrix, A , when… …   Wikipedia

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